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    Wed, Oct 286 papers

    arXiv·Oct 28

    Penny for Your Prompts: A Measurement Study of Contextual Leakage in AI Chat Platforms

    Bekos P, Tsouvalas B, Nikiforakis N et al.

    AI chatbot platforms have become one of the most popular web interfaces users interact with online, routinely receiving personal and intimate information shared under an…AI chatbot platforms have become one of the most popular web interfaces users interact with online, routinely receiving personal and intimate information shared under an expectation of privacy.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 28

    Exploring the Limits of the Delta Learning Hypothesis: Single-Pair Generator Biases in Direct Preference Optimization

    Curci G, Simonazzi S, Molinari A et al.

    Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) typically relies on preference pairs generated from diverse model pools and ranked by an external LLM judge.Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) typically relies on preference pairs generated from diverse model pools and ranked by an external LLM judge.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 28

    Your Agent Acts Differently When You're Around: How User Presence Changes Agent Behavior in Negotiation

    Pan J, Lyu Y, Hou AB et al.

    LLM agents increasingly interact with other agents on behalf of users, yet how users in the loop affect their agents' behavior–for better or worse–remains poorly…LLM agents increasingly interact with other agents on behalf of users, yet how users in the loop affect their agents' behavior–for better or worse–remains poorly understood.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 28

    Confidence Is Not a Promise: A Reference Audit of Typed Decision Models

    Brom PC

    Typed decision models return a probability distribution over options supplied by the caller, and software tends to act on that number as if it were a guarantee.Typed decision models return a probability distribution over options supplied by the caller, and software tends to act on that number as if it were a guarantee.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 28

    Continue or Restart? The Limits of Early Failure Prediction in Coding Agents

    Srinivasan S, Li L, Menzies T et al.

    Early stopping promises to reduce compute costs for autonomous coding agents by terminating unpromising runs early.Early stopping promises to reduce compute costs for autonomous coding agents by terminating unpromising runs early. Deciding when to abandon a run requires separating baseline issue difficulty from the trajectory of an individual…

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 28

    Synchronized Rebuilds:The Hidden Cost of Concurrent Inserts in Learned Indexes

    Namuganga EI, Bindschaedler L

    Nine years after learned indexes were proposed, their advantage on read-mostly data is well established, and a standard benchmark rates their best concurrent version as…Nine years after learned indexes were proposed, their advantage on read-mostly data is well established, and a standard benchmark rates their best concurrent version as almost ready for use.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper

    Fri, Oct 166 papers

    arXiv·Oct 16

    Believed but Not Said: Measuring Hidden Belief Collapse in Multi-Agent LLM Discussions

    Huang L, Zou HP, Huang WC et al.

    LLM systems increasingly rely on groups of agents that discuss, critique, and check one another, assuming that peers will catch individual errors.LLM systems increasingly rely on groups of agents that discuss, critique, and check one another, assuming that peers will catch individual errors. We test this assumption against a minimal adversary.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 16

    Does Latent Chain-of-Thought Actually Reason? A Single, Unifying Taxonomy for Latent Reasoning

    Qiu J, Yu S, Jiang X et al.

    Latent chain-of-thought replaces written reasoning steps with continuous hidden states, giving models additional steps to compute before answering.Latent chain-of-thought replaces written reasoning steps with continuous hidden states, giving models additional steps to compute before answering. It remains unclear what computation these steps actually perform.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 16

    When Judges Agree and Are Wrong: Consistency-Accuracy Dissociation as a Blind Spot for Label-Free Evaluation

    Zhang X, Gondara L, Novikova J

    Label-free evaluation methods, such as self-consistency filtering, majority-vote aggregation, and agreement-based reliability scoring, rely on an implicit assumption that…Label-free evaluation methods, such as self-consistency filtering, majority-vote aggregation, and agreement-based reliability scoring, rely on an implicit assumption that consistency can serve as a proxy for correctness when…

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 16

    Wrong Votes, Right Gradients: Why Majority-Vote Rewards Track Verifiable RL

    Wilson DP, Huang C, Huang J

    Reinforcement learning with self-generated labels, such as majority vote over a model's own samples, often recovers most of the gain of training with verifiable rewards.Reinforcement learning with self-generated labels, such as majority vote over a model's own samples, often recovers most of the gain of training with verifiable rewards.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 16

    Unmasking the Secret Code: Using Canaries to Show How Masked Context Controls Memorization in SFT

    Schwarzschild A, Thakkar O, Ghalebikesabi S et al.

    Canaries, or synthetic training records containing known secrets, are widely used to assess whether language models reveal information from their training data.Canaries, or synthetic training records containing known secrets, are widely used to assess whether language models reveal information from their training data. But how much do these measurements depend on the canaries themselves?

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper
    arXiv·Oct 16

    Why Do Agent Teams Fail Across Boundaries? A Failure Taxonomy for Agent-to-Agent Systems with Private States

    Shekkizhar S, Jwalapuram P, Ke Z et al.

    Agents are increasingly interacting with other agents that act for different principals (people or organizations on whose behalf they work), such as a buyer's personal…Agents are increasingly interacting with other agents that act for different principals (people or organizations on whose behalf they work), such as a buyer's personal agent negotiating with an enterprise's seller agent.

    Preprint: empirical study
    Paper